This experimental study was designed to determine whether the levels of guessing, risk-taking, or achievement could vary under norm referenced or criterion referenced testing conditions. Subjects were ...

Standardized testing has practically become a tradition within the American school system. But why? How did standardized assessment become such a big part of education? How does it really work?

You make some good points about the distinction between norm-referenced tests and criterion-referenced tests, but I disagree with your characterization of the latter. The problem with norm-referenced ...

An inescapable element of K-12 public education in the United States is testing. For many students and parents, testing has become ubiquitous. It feels like it is everywhere, every day, all the time.

It is a necessary condition that items and tests have variance and discrimination in the range of interest (population of observations) for which they are calibrated and selected. The basis for ...