This figure presents the results of distributed strain sensing over an approximately 100-m-long optical fiber utilizing BOCDR with periodic pseudo-random modulation. The top diagram illustrates the ...

Modulation instability (MI) is a fundamental nonlinear phenomenon whereby continuous optical waves become unstable, giving rise to the spontaneous breakup into pulse trains. This effect, driven by the ...

Ultrasound neuromodulation, as a technique for controlling neural activity, has garnered increasing attention in recent years. However, when transmitted externally, ultrasound encounters significant ...