In a 2012 EDN article, Ransom Stephens explained how it was impossible to measure intersymbol interference (ISI) at high data rates. The reason was that ISI depends on the channel impulse ...
Consider the frequency effect of attenuation constant. The higher harmonics are attenuated the most. In the digital signals the effect of higher harmonics is visible mostly at the signal transitions.
Double-data-rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM) physical-layer testing is a crucial step in making sure devices comply with the JEDEC specification. The ultimate goal is to ...