We must practice these techniques in order to fully understand and feel comfortable with them. This white paper provides both theoretical and real-world examples with questions and …

It is now called the method of symmetrical components. We will spend a little time studying this method in order to understand how to use it in unsymmetrical fault analysis.

Symmetrical components is the name given to a methodology discovered by Charles Legeyt Fortescue in 1913. Fortescue demonstrated that any set of unbalanced three-phase quantities …

Using standard single-line diagrams, complex impedances, and phasors, we can analyze steady-state conditions for all sorts of ac systems and configurations – as long as the three phase …

Draw the sequence networks for the following power system. Assume the generator is operating at rated voltage. Reduce the sequence networks to their Thévenin equivalents for a fault …

To study the use of symmetrical components we will first review the math that is used in solving symmetrical component equations and the application of per-unit calculations to electric power …

The objective of this chapter is to introduce the concept of symmetrical components in order to lay a foundation and provide a framework for later chapters covering both equipment models as …